he most natural reading of “keep Arms” in the Second Amendment is to “have weapons.”. The term was applied, then as now, to weapons that were not specifically designed for military use and were not employed in a military capacity. . . . As we will describe below, the “militia” in colonial America consisted of a subset of “the people”-those who were male, able bodied, and within a certain age range. . . . This contrasts markedly with the phrase “the militia” in the prefatory clause. unambiguously refer to individual rights, not “collective” rights, or rights that may be exercised only through participation in some corporate body. . . .
The first salient feature of the operative clause is that it codifies a “right of the people.”. part from clarifying function, a prefatory clause does not limit or expand the scope of the operative clause. . . .
The former does not limit the latter grammatically, but rather announces a purpose. . .
The Second Amendment is naturally divided into two parts: its prefatory clause and its operative clause. Respondent argues that it protects an individual right to possess a firearm unconnected with service in a militia, and to use that arm for traditionally lawful purposes, such as self-defense within the home. Petitioners and today’s dissenting Justices believe that it protects only the right to possess and carry a firearm in connection with militia service. The two sides in this case have set out very different interpretations of the Amendment.
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The Second Amendment provides: “A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.” In interpreting this text, we are guided by the principle that “he Constitution was written to be understood by the voters its words and phrases were used in their normal and ordinary as distinguished from technical meaning.” . . . District of Columbia law also requires residents to keep their lawfully owned firearms, such as registered long guns, “unloaded and dissembled or bound by a trigger lock or similar device” unless they are located in a place of business or are being used for lawful recreational activities. . . . The District of Columbia generally prohibits the possession of handguns. . . . Click here for information about obtaining copies of those records, using the film number listed in the Civil War Soldiers and Sailors System record.Īdditionally, all records in this database have been transcribed from the National Archives' original documents alternate names and/or misspellings are recorded as initially documented.Excerpt: Majority Opinion, Justice Antonin Scalia
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The full service records are housed at the National Archives and Records Administration. Please note that the Civil War Soldiers and Sailors System contains just an index of the men who served in the Civil War with only rudimentary information from the service records (including name, rank and unit in which they served). The service records of these men, North and South, are contained in the Civil War Soldiers and Sailors System. Almost every American would have known friends, family members, or neighbors who marched off to war, many never to return.
The Civil War was the first war in American history in which a substantial proportion of the adult male population participated.
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